Vat dyestuffs of the dibenzopyrenequinone series



Patented Jan. 15, 1935 i 3 UNITED STATE rich Vollmann, Frankfort fiochst-o n'the-Main, Germany, assignors to General Aniline-Works," Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Dela.

ware

No Drawing. Original application Aprilisi'is'zs,"

Serial No. 355,654. Divided and this application v August 31, 1932,.Serial No. 631,303.

many June 30, 1928 10 Claims. (01.- 260-61) :.The:present invention relatesto new'vat dyestuffs of the dibenzopyrenequinone series and a method for their production.

v It is already knownth'at halogen can beintro- 5 duced in 3;4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,IO-quinone by means "of halogensor halogenating agents with or.;without the aid of halogen transferrers. Some of the halogen derivatives .thus obtained are themselves vat dyestuffs and others are valuable intermediate? products for the manufacture of dyestuffs. All these products, however, in so far as'they are dyestuffs at all, arenotvery suitablev for dyeing purposes in practice,because they dye rather dull shades which, moreover, are not will- 15. ciently fast. It is also known that uniform 1,6-

dichloro-3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinones are obtained by treating 1,5-dibenzoyl-2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene with phosphorus chloride. ,The resulting dyestufis have dyeing properties similar to those of the unsubstituted 13,4,8,9-dibenz0'-. pyrene-5,10-quinone, which, though they are valuable in many respects, downot meet all requirements of practice.

In our copending application Ser.'No.'355,654, filed April-16, 1929, ofwhichthis-application is a division, we have disclosed that new-products;

containing halogen and having excellent dyeing properties, are obtained by treating 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinone, which initial material corresponds'to'the formula I 0 I A I in sulphuric acid or derivativesthereof, such as fuming sulphuric acid and in particular chlorsulphonic acid, with halogens or agents supplying the same in the presence of a halogen-transferring catalyst under such conditions of working as to'prevent an undue attack of the initial material and the final product; It'has been 'found' catalysts. Valuable. products are also obtained at In: Ger

and'more will be necessary. It ha'salso been found that at'hi her temperatures, say at about tot'8 5 C. or more,thefiAfig-dibenzopyre 5,10-quinbne is not entirely resistant to thelaotion" of the sulphuricacids employed, thesegiving {5: rise to": the formation "of sulphonated products and other by-productsimpairingthe propertie's ofi I the final product. It.is,however,'possible tocar'ry out thereaction at "sluchihi'gh temperatures, provided'it is completed mas short atirne as possible, whereby the-said action f'of the sulphuric acids-1:5,; avoided. "Withthis objot' in view, either an" addition. of comparatively large quantities bit-the halogen-transferring catalyst, such as iodin'e' -or' I sulphuram'ay'be made,"or the halogen'is' rapidly l5; introducedinto' thereaction mixture, or an exc ss thereof employed; or several of these measures may be:used." Itresu lts from'the foregoing thatthe' most favorabletemperature/is not higher than about 80? or C.-in-the"caseof brOim'na-j-QZO; tion'or chlorination; whenworking' "below the said 1imit, small quantities of'the catalyst, 'for example 0.1 to 0.5-per'centi;byweight,'calculate'd' on the amount of the dibenzopyrene quinone'fare' suflicient for jthe production "of products: dyeing clear yellow shades; if, however,'products possessing. the most desirable shades and the" highest coloring power. are to'be made, it is advisablejto employ considerably largerJnmountsx oft-1 the:

30 higher-temperatures, in which-ca'seone or more! of the aforesaidjprecautions must be taken; for instance, theamount of catalyst employed may be as highjas-2;-3, 5 or estill much-more per cent. by weight, calculated on-the dibonzopyrenequinone.' "It willgbe tseen' that the conditions' of working are mutually interdependent; they'must be so restricted as to time or. temperature and so i on, that no sulphonation'or 'other' undesirable change of'the initial materials occurs; -forthe 4f sake of simplicity'i'of language, rwe' shall there fore speak' inv the following of: restricted condi-Q tions, and it will now'be understood 'whatweiv mean by this term. 'In orderto make the matter still clearer, we shall now explain our. method by reference to'a typical case, namely the production of dibr0m0-3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10 'quinone: When 3,4,8,9 dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinone*is dis+' solved, {for example chlorsulphonic acid'fiand' acted upon with bromine; the re'actionimay be carried'out with 1 to 1.25molecularproportions I of bromine per each molecular proportion of the dibenzopyrene quinon'e with" the: aid of 'fromizto 10 per cent of a catalyst, 'such as iodine, and in thecours'e of only afew'hours at tempera;

tures (it-about 8 0f; C-.,,a ,dibrominfled product of highest; qualitiesgbeing obtained. Whenwmkin at lower temperatures, such as from 60 to 70. C.,

a larger amount of bromine and a prolonged time idistmguishedghy, theirjexcelleht fastness to light was to boiling with solutions of soap or soda, and.

of reaction, for example 20- hoursor is suitable. At higher temperatures of -tor example 85 to 100 C. the time of..ieatinn..must;he reduced to a minimum, and pnferablyagents; counteracting sulphonation, 5 mm; or sul-j phur are added. At still higher temperatures; still more precaution is fnecessaryi Further typical cases of the restricted'conditions will be given hereinafter in the examplea 2'; 1 1 As pointed out in the foregoing, the reaction may be carried out in sulphmie acid or deriva tives thereof, such as fuming sulphuric MR1 :and- Y in particular chlorsulphonicacid. when here-w inafter we speak of sulphuric acid solution, we

Wishit to be understood that this term' t- ,cover solutions in the derivatives -of sulphuric 7 acid.- It shoulduhegnoted 1 thatchlorosulphonic solvent for the purnr urfpr sar invention. whenemployed 5 f te eri uresi h be taafifpor mw kenm -m a s le 1 p r; a; carrier; as: [whirl p1 s1 161 amino, it'll 1st 1c bribing-1 g 3 ms nnmm sdn, M o y 7 W m @12 ewt zwnl w 11 mm vigil r3510 Phil-storm iim tiolrrgonrhrmsiei'cmg m mse mm r ifi mummwb1111mm gtiuul a-iz Elmira? r :serlufsi s 1 rar4;c tatmiar:'1 wl viwliat-tasemh: I actailaslt's r -z u as, :fut: 1 E immrzipr'. 1m Hiddnra- 1c m'ennn: 1 1 2561mm! c; rinlpm m rrhlmmmn 5m Mammal: t1; and in 1 5 1 Mae 1%: @0110: a vial 1!! 1111111 0 at: mlmlaczcatylms t [11131 e L A 1 umber; 11h 1: :llolrxrr 1&1 atnx. 1s. b15011: s ndmzbthem IOiCI-E .1

1 M d mum-11amautumnalmdrumm r11 11111 a 1 mm masses labs mammal 111mb 111mm 11 21mm: c 11 it'l t'n E mlmztmm'ad (ill the aimt'ci a lot M151 1mm 1mm '1: air-J 4 111): M1 =41fiflhiiz-tadmcmml napmicrdurly macaw: 1 a ham martinis a mm-1m um a sa cadatairsitm nl 1mm 1 momma mlmmr'midiinuipfmnomrssu in mammals 1 I I sltl immm dlitilitbnl'wrrnnlztluiiirmgl itatt zliaiprgmmtiu from: two. to three bromine atoms in halogen; and ofvthe known Lfi dichlarg-fiAfifidibenzopyrene-ilfiquinbge "also theirip merties as regards fastness are much better than those of the said known products; they are particularly they also possess a very-good afllnity to vegetable acoord-irrg t-o the present invention are those conthe I 3,4;8,9dibenr,opyrene-5,10-quinone molecule. They givekparticularly bright, clear dyeings, and are, also very readily vatted.

" Generallyspeaking, it is of no importance,

whether crude orjpur'e 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10- quinone is used as starting material, but it may in some case'sybepfadvantage to employ a pure 1mz1a1mater1a ..because in this case the final products areparti'cularly free from impurities whichmight cause trouble in their application for dyeing, though as aru'lenthe: impuritiesare insoluble in the vatsw suchzimpurities'may, how-' ever, also be removedzby purifying the-products obtained fromcrude initiakmaterial.

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: lnntmiitm last-.111 a: wklio an :a rarrg e1 nIdlii'g- ,i ielsclo'sm 1 in: 1 :mmmmm is ulplphmz m adii: Jug-1' w an islet 1'1 m in: u ramps 111 who v 231K! no: 1': it zkl'lzeimcmnem fc Mimi r.

it 1:11; 510: cxtooroirr'ro 1 11 a1 ark ('1 no t :th a; midi aim- 1 1-- initial materialfrom 2'to 2 times as regards color strength.

Dyestuffs having-similar dyeing properties, but containing more bromine, are obtained by employing larger quantities of bromine.

When using 'me'rcury instead of iodine'as' a catalyst, a product dyeing similar'shades is 'obtained. 1 i l *Example 3 x 33.2 parts-of 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinone are dissolved while "stirring in '350 parts of :12 per cent 'oleum and after the addition'oi 3 parts of iodine, are treated-with.100-parts oI bromine. The temperature is then raised to from 65 to.70 C.-and maintained the'reat until the bulk eithebromine isabsorbed.. After cool-,- ing, the productis worked up in the usual man+ ner." The dyestufi, obtained as an orange yellow powder, which is a 'dibromo-3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5',10-quinone, dissolves inyconcentrated sulphuric acid to give a violet colorationand gives dyeings similar to those of the dyestuif prepared according to Example 2. T f Byemploying antimony, sulphur or selenium instead of iodine as the catalyst in the above example, products of similar fastness' properties but giving. somewhat less reddish"'dyeings are obtained.

Example 4 33.2 parts of 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10-quin+ one 'are dissolved in 332 parts of chlorsulphonic acid and, at about: 16 to 20 0., 2 parts of iodineand 8.8 parts of bromine are added, while stirring. The temperature'is then raised to from 65 to 70 0., and the mixture is stirred, until the whole'of the bromine'isabsorbed. After cooling-the product .is worked up in the usual manneni The resulting e-monobromo-3,4,8,9- dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinone,1 an orange yellow powder, crystallizes from high boiling solvents in fine orange-red needles, dissolves in concentrated sulphuric acid with the formation of a violet solution and gives very. fast yellow dyeings witha reddish tinge on cottonfrom ared vat with a bluetingey. I

Example 5 33 parts of pure 3,4,8,9-dibenzOpyrene5,10- quinone' (obtainable, for example, by sublimation of crude 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,lo-quinone) are 7 dissolved in 330 partszof chlorsulphonic acid, while stirring. 1.65pto 2.3 parts of iodine are thenadded ZO parts of bromine are run in at room temperature, and-then the.,temperature is slowly raised to from 70 to C. As soon as .the bulk of the bromine is absorbed, the

solution is allowed to cool, diluted with. 200 parts of concentrated sulphuric acid, poured onto ice. and the acidpaste is then boiled for a short time by introducing steam and filtered by suction. The resulting dibromo 3,4,8,9 dibenzopyliene- 5,10-quinone probably contains the bromine atoms in the 13 and B-positions; itpossesses tinctorial properties similar to those of the dyestuff obtainable according to Example 2,.after the same has been recrystallized. If a 3,4=,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,lO-quinone purified by crystallization be employed instead of sublimated 3,4,8,Qedibenzopyrene-S,lo-quinone, a dyestufi is obtained; which .possesses similar tinctorial properties. Q l

The same dyestuff is obtained :by employing? parts of: mercury as a catalyst, '40 parts of bromine and heating to about 60" to 70 C.-only. Example 6 M 33.2 parts of pure 3,4,8,9i-dibenzopyrene- 5,10-quinone, (prepared-for example-from the oxonium salt separating from the sulphuric acid solution of the dibenzopyrenequinone) in 332 part'sof chlorsulphonic acid are mixed,*while stirring; with 40 parts of bromine" at about 16.

to 20 C. after the'addition of 1.6 parts of iodine. The mixture "is'then' slowly warmed to about C. and kept at this temperature until a sample of the reaction product dissolves in concentratedsulphuricacid with the formation of a violet solution. The reaction product is then worked-up' 'in the usual manner. The resulting dyestufi, e,e''- dibromo-3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene 5,10- quinone, which is an orange red powder dyes cotton'from a. red vat strong yellow orange shades of an excellent fastness."

A dyestufi of a slightly more yellowish shade I is obtained by employing instead of 1.6 parts 01 iodine the same amount .Qfa sulphur or mercury or bismuth as a,catalyst.;;'- I

parts of pure, 3,lfij dibenzopyrene5,10.- vquinone obtainable byyb'oiling the crude product Example 5Iwhich dyes otherwise with quite sim- I ilar properties.

, Example} -33.2 parts of' pure 3,4;8,9-dibenzopyrene-5.10- quinone are dissolved while stirring in.300 parts of sulphuric acid containing 23 per cent of sulphur trioxide and slowly heated to between and C. after the additionof 3 parts ofiodine and 40 parts ofbromineh Afterthe bulk' of the bromine has been consumed, theire action. mixture is allowed to cool and worked up as, usual.

The dyestuff of which an excellent yield is;. ob-' Erample' 9 I .66 parts of ,3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene 5,10-quinone are dissolved at roomtemperature in.660 parts ofjchlorosulphonic acid, :while stirring. After adding--4parts of iodine, and 1 part of mercury, 100 parts of bromine are run in slowly, whereupon the temperature; is raised to 70 C. The mass is stirred at thesaid temperature until the bulk of the bromine has been taken up, allowed to cool and worked up, in the usual manner. The

resulting product, of whichgan excellentsyield is obtained, is a tribromo-3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene- 5,'10-.quinone' containing bromine in the 8., )8- positions, constituting an orange powder dissolving to a blue solution with a violet tinge in concentrated sulphuric acid and dyeing from blue-red vat bright orange shades. 7 I

p Example 10 l 44 parts ;of 3,4,8,9 -dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinone are dissolved inAOO parts of -oleum containing23 per cent of S03; whereupon 1 part of antimonyand Lpart of sulplriur'and then 35 parts of broinine areiadded, while stirring. The temperature ,is then raised to :between 65 and '70 -C., and the mass .isstirred at the said temperature, until all.

bromine hasbeen taken up, then allowed tocool and worked up. in the usual manner. The resulting "tribromo 3,4,8;9 dibenzopyrene 5,10- quinone dyes more yellowish orange shades'than the product described in Example .9, which is probably an isomeric'compound. r

Eaiamblell. n

33.2 parts of 3,4',8,9 dibenzopyrene-Silouin one are dissolved in 300- parts of sulpliuric'acid containing 23 .per cent ;of sulphur trioxide and heated, while stirring, after the addition of 3 parts "of iodine and" 36 parts of bromine to between 65---and 70 After air of the bromine been-taken up, "the reaction mixture is allowed to cool, dilutedif desiredfwitli 300 parts or-co c'ent'rated' sulphuric sea poured into ice-cold water, the reaction' p'roduct filtered by suction, washed, if desiredf with a smalhamount of a diluted solution of soda and 'thenwashed again with water until neutral-.- "{Thetetrabromo- 3,4,8,9 dibenzopyrene- 5.10-quinone; an ciii'a'n'ge paste'with areddish tinge', is'an orange powder whenfdry dissolving to'a blue'solution in' con centrated sulphuric acid, and dyescotton from a blue vat' orange shades. I

H I Example 12 I 33.2 parts of 3,4.8,9 -dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinone are introduced. into a stirred solution of 50 parts of bromine' and Bparts of iodinein 300 partsz-of chlorosulphonie acid. Thereupon the temperature is raised-to between 65. and"70 C., stirring being continued for several hours. at the saidtem'perature which is then raised to between 70 and F 75? C. until a sample of the reaction product dissolves to aviolet blue solution in concentrated sulphuric acid. (The reaction mixture is thenl'allowed to cool and worked up "as usual.

. The =tribromo-3;4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinone containing bromine in the 5, ;9.positions.,obtained in the form of an orange paste Idyes cotton from a violetred vat strong brilliant golden orange shades of excellent. fastness. x s .E xamplel s f. I I H 33.2 parts ofpure 3,4,8,9-dibenZopyrene-5,l0- quinone are dissolved while stirring in 300 parts of chlorosuphonic acid after the addition of 0.3 part of iodine and 40 parts 'of bromine. The

7 temperature is slowly-raised to between 65 and '70 C. which temperature is maintaineduntil a sample of the 'reaction'product dissolves to a violet blue solutionin concentrated sulphuric acid. The reaction mixture is thenallowed to cool and. worked up as usual. The bromination product, a; dibromo derivativeaccording to analysis, dyes cotton from 1 a blue red vat shades which are essentially'more yellowish than those pyrenequinone) of obtained from the; dibromo. =deriv,ative described in Example 5. a :1

.wQther halogen carriers .mayYbe: used instead of iodine. r K u a" What weclaimis:-v a v r 1'. The vat dyestufisconsisting substantially of 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinones containing.

vats substantially more reddishiyiellow shades than 3 ,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene aw-quinone .1 dissolve inconcentrated sulphuric acid with a violetlcolorationarediflicultly soluble in organic solvents ofrhigh boiling point, and are distinguished from 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinone by having qa substantially greater coloring power'and a substantially greater fastness to light and to boiling with-solutions of soap 'andsodax 1 i 3 The dibromo 3,4,8,9-- dibenzopyrene 5 ;10-

quinone which probably contains theqbromine atoms in the 8- and fi positions, dyes cotton-from a violet red vat substantiallymore reddishyellow shades than 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyr'ene-5,1-0 quinone, dissolves in concentrated sulphuric-acid with violet coloration, crystallizes :from nitrobenzene in orangeredneedles, and is distinguished-:from 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,l0'-quinone bys'; having about twice theircoloring poweran'd .by its good fastness to light and to boiling with'solutions of soap andsoda.-. 5* I 4. Tribromo-331,8,9 dibenzopyrene-5,10 quinone which dyescotton'from ajblue-lred vat'bright orange shades, dissolves in concentrated sul phuric acid with a bluecoloration with a violet tinge, and is distinguished from 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,l0-quinone by having a substantially greater coloring power and by a substantially greater fastness to: light andto boiling I tionsof soap and soda. 1 f

5. The process for the production H stuffs of the dibenzopyrenequinone series, which comprises acting on 3,4,8,9dibenzopyrene5 ,10 quinone in chlorosulphonic acid with a br orninat ing agent in the presenceof at least 5 patemror the dibenzopyrenequinone) of ahalogen trans ferring catalyst [at between about" 60" "and aboutC, Qi'f 6. The processifor the production offivat'dyestuffs of the dibenzopyrenequinoneseries} which comprises acting on3,4,8,9 dibenzopyrene-5,li)

quinone in chlorosulphonic" acid with a brorn'inating "agent in the presence 'ofat least 5 per cent 7. The process'for the production of vat dye stufis of the dibenzopyr'enequinoneseries, which comprises acting on 3,4,8,9 dibenZopyrene-5,10- quinone in chlorosulphonic acid" with bromine in the presence'of at least 5 per cent *(of the dibenzdiodine at between about 60 and about 85C. 5; 1

8. The process for the production of a vat dyestufi of the dibenzopyrenequinone series, which comprises acting on one molecular proportion of 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinone with 1 molecular proportions of bromine in chlorosulphonic acid in the presence of at least 5 per cent (of the dibenzopyrenequinone) of iodine at between about 60 and about 85 C. I

9. The process for the production of a vat dyestufi of the dibenzopyrenequinone series, which comprises acting on one molecular proportion of 3,4,8,Q-dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinone with 1% molecular proportions of bromine in chlorosulphonic acid in the presence of from 5 to 'I per between about 60 and about 85 C.

from 65" to 80 C.

10. The process for the production of a vat dyestuff of the dibenzopyrenequinone series, which comprises acting on one molecular proportion of 3,4,8,9-dibenzopyrene-5,10-quinone with 1%, molecular proportions of bromine in chlorosulphonic acid in the presence of from 5 to 7 per cent (of the dibenzopyrenequinone) of iodine at MAX ALBERT KUNZ. GEORG KRANZLEIN. KARL KOEBERLE. MARTIN CORELL. ERICH BERTI-IOLD. HEINRICH VOLLMANN. 

